Friedrich Nietzsche
Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche d afelsaf almani, yellan daɣen d amedyaz, d afilulug. Ilul ass n 15 tuber 1844 di Röcken, yemmut di Prusya ass n 25 ɣuct 1900 (tamurt n Lalman).
Yettneḥsab seg ifelsafen imeqqranen i qqaren medden s tudget ar assa d wussan ; imahilen-is bnan s umata ɣef usenqed n yidles n Utaram atrar d wayen akk i yejmel d azalen n lmeɛna i d-yekkan seg ufesser n wesɣan amasiḥi, i yettnadi netta ad ibeddel s wiyaḍ i d-yewwi d imaynuten, am akken i d-iwet deg tanga d wassɣ-is d umdan. Si tama nniḍen yura daɣen ɣef trumanṣit talmanit, acku yella yelha-d d tesnilest d wayen akk yerzan tutlayin d warraten iqburen.
- Tudert-is:
Ilul Friedrich Nietzsche ass n 15 Tuber 1844 di Röcken, di Lalman. Yella d anelmad ifazen, yuɣal d aselmad n tfilulujit di tesdawit n Basel di Swis yerna mazal-it meẓẓi, yesɛa kan 24 n yiseggasen di leɛmer-is. Maca, tudert-is teččur d lehlakat n lxaṭer d waṭṭanen, ladɣa aṭan n uqerruy, i t-yeǧǧan ad yeḥbes aselmed deg useggas n 1879.
Seg yimir-nni, yuɣal yettidir am umesgilew, yettdeggir gar Swis, Franṣa d Ṭṭelyan, yettnadi anezwu ara as-iserḥen. Di lweqt-agi n tussaft d umussu i yura adlisen-is imeqranen am "Akka i d-yenna Zarathustra", "Uffir n Lxiṛ d Ccer" d "Tajinialujit n Tmilɣi".
Deg useggas n 1889, di temdint n Turin di Ṭṭelyan, Mi yella ileḥḥu deg Piazza Carlo Alberto (ar Via Carlo Alberto, anda yeqqim), Nietzsche yeḥdeṛ deg yiwen n usayes anda yella yiwen n usleɣmay la yettḍurru s leqseḥ aεudiw-nni-ines, yugin ad yeddu ɣer sdat s taẓayt n usali-ines, Mi iwala akka Nietzsche, yuzzel ɣer uɣersiw-nni, iḥmec-it ɣer temgerḍt la yettsuɣu am "Mutter, icuff-it yiɣisi!" « A yemma, fehmeɣ-k-id ! » neɣ « Ich verstehe dich ». "Fehmeɣ-k!", amzun yeɛqel s leɛtab n wayis.
Yeɣli ɣer lqaεa, yexsef, dɣa wwin-t-id imsebriden s axxam. Iεessasen ṭṭfen-t kra n lweqt, ɣilen yeskeṛ neɣ icewwel. yenṭer wallaɣ-is yerna yiwen ur d-yecliɛ ara seg-s. Mraw n yiseggasen ineggura n tudert-is isɛedda-ten d amehbul, ddaw leɛnaya n yemma-s d weltma-s Elisabeth. Yemmut ass n 25 ɣuct 1900. D weltma-s ayi i d-ijemɛen ikaramen-is d wayen yura, maca tessexṣer aṭas seg yidlisen-is imi i ten-tessemṣadaɣ d tsenakta tanazit, ayen i s-d-yeglan s yir isem i Nietzsche i kra n wakud.
- Tifelsafit-is:
Tifelsafit n Nietzsche d tameẓdugt yerna d taẓarant. Atent kra seg tmiḍranin-is timeqranin:
Lmut n Yillu(Ṛebbi): Mi d-yenna Nietzsche "Ṛebbi yemmut", ur yebɣi ara ad yini belli ur yelli ara Ṛebbi s tidet, maca yebɣa ad d-immeslay ɣef tɣerma tutrimt (taɣerbit) iɣef ur yesɛi ara ddin azal am zik. Lmut n Ṛebbi yeǧǧa-d illem d tallunt meqqren di tudert n umdan, imi i ɣer-s dayen ulac lsas iɣef ara tebnu tmilɣi (l'éthique) d yizalen (les valeurs). Ayagi yettawi ɣer yiwet n tezɣent meqqren.
Amdan ufellay(Übermensch): Mbeɛd tallunt i d-teǧǧa tmut n Ṛebbi, Nietzsche yettwali belli amdan ilaq ad yaf aɣan amaynut i tudert-is. Aɣan-agi d "Amdan ufellay". Mačči d bab n tezmert n tfekka neɣ d aɣref nnig wiyaḍ, am akken i t-sfehmen kra, maca d amdan i yzemren ad d-yesnulfu izalen-is, ad iḥkem deg yiman-is, ad yerr tudert-is d yiwet n tmaḍlant n tẓuri, war ma yeqqim ddaw leḥkem n yisɣanen iqdimen.
Lebɣi n tezmert (Wille zur Macht): Ɣur Nietzsche, yal amuddir, seg welkin alamma d amdan, yettnadi ad yesnerni tanezmart-is. Tazmert-agi mačči d tin n udabu ɣef wiyaḍ kan, maca d lebɣi n usnerni, n uɛeddi n yiman, n usnulfu d leḥkem ɣef yiman. D nettat i d imennaṛ n tudert.
Tuɣalin Tameɣlalt (Ewige Wiederkunft): D yiwet n tamiḍrant i yessexdem Nietzsche am akken d akayad. Xayel kan ad tɛawdeḍ tudert-ik si tazwara ar taggara, s yakk ttfaṣil-is, s lferḥ-is d leɣben-is, acḥal d tikelt war tilisa. Amdan i yzemren ad yeqbel tirmit-agi yerna ad as-yini "ih" s wul-is meṛṛa, d win i yeselḥan tudert-is s tidet, d win yewwḍen ɣer tliwa n Umdan Ufellay.
Timlilɣi n Ukerwa(Amɛallem) d Wakli: Di tuzzma-ines i tmilɣi, Nietzsche yefreq gar sin n wansayen:
- Timlilɣi n Ukerwa (neɣ n yimeqqranen): D tin i d-yekkan si yemdanen izemren, iḥerranen. Izalen-nsen d tanezmart, lhiba, tissas, d wayen akk yesnernayen tudert. Lxiṛ ɣur-sen d ayen i d-yettbegginen tazmert.
- Timlilɣi n Wakli (neɣ n yigellilen): D tin i d-yekkan seg wid ur nezmir ara, seg wid iḥeqren. Imi ur zmiren ara ad rren, snulfuyen-d izalen am leḥnana, nnif, aɛfu d wanuẓ. Ɣur-sen, lxiṛ d ayen i d-yettbegginen aɣeblan. I yiman-is, tidmi-a n yiklan i yeɣelben di tɣerma tutrimt s ddin n Lmasiḥ.
Ihi, s umata, Friedrich Nietzsche d afelsaf i d-yewwin tuzzma taẓarant i lsas n tɣerma taɣerbit. Yedɛa ɣer usnulfu n yizalen imaynuten, ɣer tudert yebnan ɣef tnezmart n usnulfu d uɛeddi n yiman, akken ad yezmer umdan ad yidir di ddunit war lsas n ddin.