Ṭariqa tareḥmanit

Si Wikipedia, tasanayt tilellit.
Zawiya n Lhamel

Ṭariqa Tareḥmanit ( s tfinaɣ ⵜⴰⵕⵃⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ, s taɛrabt : الرحمانية ) d tariqa tineslemt taṣufit, id-yeffɣen deg useggas n 1774 sɣur Mhemmeḍ U Ɛebderreḥman (s taɛrabt: محمد بن عبد رحمان ) iwumi qqaren daɣen Bu Qebrin, di tmurt n Leqbayel teffeɣ-d seg tariqa taxalwatit. Tareḥmanit tesɛa imḍefren itt-yeṭṭafaren si tlalit-is armi d lqern wis 20, tilisa-ines ruḥent si Tunes armi d Lmerruk. Teqqim treḥmanit tcudd ɣer tmurt n Leqbayel ideg d-kker ladɣa deg nnfaq n 1871, i xedmen yiwudam imeqqranen seg-s akka am Ccix Amezyan Lḥeddad. Deg 1950 d nettat akk di ṭṭariqa tameqqrant yesɛan azal ameqqran deg lezzayer, swazal n 230 000 n yimḍeffren, macas ṭul tasut tis snat n tmerwin thudd teddukli-ines.

Amezruy[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]

Bab-is Ccix Mḥemmed Buqebrin (1715-1793)[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]

Ulmud-is deg tmura n Umecriq d tuɣaltin ɣer Lezzayer[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]

Taseddawit n Azrhar i lecyux inselmen di Maṣer

Mḥemmed U Ɛebderreḥman, ilul ndeg useggas n 1715 deg udrum n Wat Smaɛil deg tmurt n Leqbayel, yebda ulmud deg zawiya taqranit n temnnaḍt-nni-nsen ideg d-yelmed kra n tussna deg tutlayt akked usɣan, yella d anelmad aḥercan bedren-as-d kra ad yerzu ɣer Umecreq akken ad yelmed dinna, ladɣa imi imiren tamurt n Leqbayel llan ǧehden wassaɣen-is d tmura tiɛrabin d tinselmin. Yerza ɣer Umecriq iḥuǧǧ-d di Mekka (1739-1740) syinna iɛedda ɣzer Maṣer iwakken ad yelmed deg tseddawit n azhar. Yeɣra ɣer umusnaw axalwati ameqrran Mḥemmed lḥefnawi, mi d-yuweḍ wakud ad yuɣal ɣer tmurt-is iwṣṣa-t ccix-is ad yawi timsirin tixalwatiyin ɣer tmurt n Leqbayel, yuɣal ɣer tmurt iɣef iɣab kraḍ n tmerwin iseggasen yebda yettawi-d timsirin tiṣufiyin i yuɣalen jebdent-d tayri n yal amusnaw deg temdinin timeqqranin n Lezzayer, Qsenṭina d Bgayet .


Abeddi mgal tareḥmanit d tmacahut n sin n yiẓekwa[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]

Timezgida n Sidi Mḥemmed Bu Qebrin di Lezzayer tamanaɣt

Timɣer n ṭariqa tareḥmanit tuwi-d abdad n kra n yimussnawen mgal-is, mi akken yerza ɣer Lezzayer tamanaɣt deg 1790 iwakken ad ikemmel leqdic-is deg usewseɛ n umdiq n txalwatit , ineggura-a ftan belli yeffeɣ i ubrid i yweqmen. Leftawi-agi uwḍen-t s ṭaqa ɣer yinembaḍen iterkiyen n temnaḍt n Lezzayer tamanaɣt, tasertit-nsen tettarra yal ṭariqa ur nelli s ddaw n leḥkem-nsen d taɛdawt. Maca tella ṭariqa tesɛa assaɣen yelhan deg tmurt n Leqbayel tilellit armi tuli ɣef uqerru-ines, amgarad-agi deg wasɣanen yerra sin n leḍruf ad heyyin iman-nsen i yal imenɣi i yzemren ad ikker deg ya akud gar tmurt n Lebayel d yinembaḍen n tmanaɣt ladɣa imi tamurt n Leqbayeltezga teddaxxal iman-is lǧiha n Mḥemmed U Ɛebderreḥman.

Lmut n uneggaru-agi tewwi-d asebtar amaynut deg umennuɣ n wajjed d tsertit-agi. Mi slan i lmut n Mḥemmed U Ɛebderreḥman deg 1973 di Ǧerǧer, inembaḍen iterkiyen yuweḍ iten-id lexbar belli aṭas n yimdanen i yerzan ɣer wammas n tmurt n Leqbayel iwakken ad ḥḍren i lǧanaza-s, ugaden ad yekker ad yeqqre nnfaq si temnadt ur nelli ara akken ilaq lḥal s ddaw n leḥkem-nsen. Ḍelben-d i yimḍefren n ṭariqa yettidiren di LLezzayer tmanaɣt ad d-awin tafekka-s iwakken ad temḍel deg tmanaɣt, nutni iswi-nsen ad sḥebsen zzyarat n lmumnin s ṭariqat ɣer tmurt n Leqbayel ad zzin akk ɣerr tmurea yella s ddaw n ufus aɛetmani. Ihi kra seg yimḍeffren ssaxwlen ad temḍel tfekka ɣur-sen d ayen id-isenkreen ccwal gar yimḍeffren iqbayliyen d yiberraniyen, mebla ma neẓra amek tefra taluft ufan-d tafekka n Mḥemmed tuɣal d snat yiwet temḍel deg tmanaɣt tayeḍ deg Tmurt n Leqbayel, d ayen i as-yefkan aɣara n M'ḥemmed Bu Qebrin (Mḥemmed Bu sin yiẓekwan ) dɣa ar assa Mḥemmed U Ɛebderreḥman Bu Qebrin d yowen seg yiṣellaḥen n Lezzayer tamanaɣt.

Ṭariqa berra n tmurt n Lebayel[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]

n uɣella-ines ur yeḥbis ara timɣer n ṭariqa tareḥmanit i yuɣalen d Ṭariqa yesɛan amdεan ameqqran akk n yimḍeffren deg Lezzayer, s lexlaf n ṭariqat i tt-id yezwaren (taqadirit, tacadlit, taɛemmarit, taɛisawit, tatiǧanit( tareḥmlanit kan i yeslḥqen ad teṭṭef di tmurt n Leqbayel imi ṭariqat-nniḍen ur d-ufint araaṭas n yimḍeffren dinna. TTerna tessewseɛ kter deg tama tacerqit armi tuwed ɣer Tunes. Ɣer tɣerbit mi tuweḍ ɣer Lmerruk, ɣer unẓul deg uneẓruf azzayri.

Zawiya n Sidi Ɛmer Crif deg Sidi Dawud di Beɣliya, Delles, agezdu n Bumerdas, tamurt n Leqbayel n wadda.

Ṭariqa tenḥef cwiya ladɣa imi tebḍa ɣef yiman-is. D amerruki Ɛisa lmeɣribi i yuɣalen deg wadeg n M'ḥemmed ardekal lmut-is, ṭariqa tareḥmanit ur tettxtiri ara aɣella-ines s lebni n yiẓuran-is neɣ n udrum-is, tella tebna ɣef zzawaya d leqdic ɣef leqran d annecta i ttirefden armi d uḥricwis sin n tasut tis snat n tmerwin.

Ṭariqa tessen kra n tallitin degf tasut tis mraw d ṭẓa ideg teqqen ɣer wammas neɣ tettwafsi seg-s, am yal ass tekka-d y)ef uẓar aqbayli n ṭariqa. Tekker tezɣent gar 1837 d 1842 imi ugin kra n lɛulama ad yili yiwen n ccix mačči d aqbayli d aqerru fella-sen ardekal Ccix Ɛisa. Tazɣent-agi tuwi-as-d i tariqa tareḥmanit aseǧhed n tnekda-ines taqbaylit, d uxsay n later-is di tmurt n Leqbayel , ladɣa imi zawiya tayemmat i yebna Mḥemmed U Ɛebderreḥman teffeɣ s yiman-is i ṭariqa.

Anekcum n fransa deg 1830 yuwi-d later d ameqqran ɣef ṭariqa imi nutni ḥebsen adabu aqdim d akk ayen yellan zik uqbel-nsern, ḥebsen axeddim s yiderman beddlken s win n yiɣaraten atraren yellan ɣer dewla, rnu-as asuneɣ n tlisa d uḥbas n lecyux i yellan ttnadin ɣef ubrid i usewseɛ n wid i ten-yeṭṭafaren di yal taddart taqbaylit. Rnu-as tasertit n ucengu afransis deg tmurt n Leqbayel s uɣlaq n leǧwameɛ d uhuddu n zawaya akked userɣi n yidlisen n Leqran d timenɣiwt n waṭas n yimussnawen d yimḍefren n ṭariqat akken ma llan ladɣa ardekal n tegrawla n ugeldun Ɛebdelqader azzayri.  Ɣef way-a ssenkrent ṭariqat ladɣa tareḥmanit tigrawliwin mgal Fransa ladɣa di tmurt n Leqbayel.

Tagrawla n Lmeqrani[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]

Ccix Ameẓyan Aḥeddad
Ccix Lmeqrani

Mi yessenker Lḥaǧ Ɛmer nnafq mgal unekcum n Fransa ɣer tmurt n Leqbayel deg tazzwara n yiseggasen n 1830 tufa*-d tmetti taqbaylit ytekcem deg umannuɣ imi Lḥqaj Ɛmer yella d ayella ɣef ṭariqa gar yiseggasen n 1843 d 1857 ihi ṭariqa akk tekker-d mgal dɣa iqbayliyen i ycudden ɣur-s kkren akk mgal Fransa, mi kecmen yirumyen beddlen akk amek tettili tmetti, yettwanfa ccix ḥaǧ Ɛmer ɣer Tunes, tufa-d ṭariqa belli tuɣal ɣer lǧiha n Ṣedduq deg Bgayet.

Zawiya n Ṣedduq i yesɛan Ccix Amezyan aheddad ɣef uqerru-s d mmi-s Ɛaziz aheddad tella tbedd-d si tazzwara mgal Fransa .Ccix si tazzwara n 1860 yella d wadem ameqqrtan n usɣan id-yeǧǧan later d ameqqran deg ṭariqa yelḥeq armi yesdukkel akk iderman n tmurt taqbaylit, xas akka llant kra n zzwayit tireḥmaniyin umi lecyax-nsen llan ur ttxemmimen ara akka am Ccix aḥeddad .Ccix Ɛli Crif n zawiya n Yicellaḍen ur d ibedd ara mgal Fransa yesenker nfaq n wawal mgal zawiya n Ṣedduq, ccix Muḥend U Lḥusin d yiwen n uwadem yettwassnen aṭas s leqdic-is d yisefra-ines yella ibedd-d mgal Fransa yesteɛref s Ccix Aḥeddad mca ur yessawel ara i yimenɣi imi ur ɛdilent ara zawaya akked Fransa yesɛan yal amynut deg Leslaḥ.

Adgen n tegrawla n Lmeqrani

Deg 1870, tamurt n Leqabyel tella seg 1830 tettnaɣ mgal Fransa tufa-d iman-is tefreq gar wid yessawalen i nnfaq d wid i t-yugaden, maca ardekal n ɣelmluy n Fransa deg umennuɣ n Lalaman akked lqanun n Krimyu fkan-as i zawiya afud iw akken ad tt-fareṣ tagnit ad tesseɣḍel Fransa. Deg 1871, yekker umennuɣ n Ccix Lmeqrani, yiwen n ccix yesɛan lmater-ines d ameqqarn deg Bgayet. Ccix Amezyan yeḥḍer i leqdic-ines amenzu di meɣres, mi yellken belli zemmren i ulmennuɣ yessawel i tuffɣa ɣer nnfaq i iqeddsen deg 08 yebrir 1871. Assaɣ ameqqran gar ṭariqa tareḥmanit d ugdud yuwi-d tanekra n 150 000 n yirgazen iqbayliyen.

Maca xeṣren nnfaq, uwin ccix aḥeddad ɣer usekraf imiren yella yesɛa 81 n yiseggasen deg yila-s, ma d sin n warraw-is ttwanfan ɣer Kalidunya tamaynut, seg wass nni tebda treḥmanit tettaɣ-itent, ɣelqent zawaya, uwin imqeddmen-nsen s asekraf neɣ ttwanɣan neɣ ttwanfan, ula d lxiṛ yellan gar yifassen-nsen teddem-it Fransa neɣ tefka-t i wiyaḍ, seg wass-nni tebḍa ṭariqa ɣef yiman-is leɛmer i teddukel neɣ tuɣal akken tella zik.

Ardekal 1871[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]