Marko Polo
Marko Polo (s taṭalyanit : Marco Polo (asusru 
)), illul deg 1254 deg Vinisya, yemmut deg 8 yennayer 1324 deg Vinisya daɣen, d amzenzu, icaliyen ed amessikel avinisi[1].
Tudert ed yisiklen[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Tawacult n Polo[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Seg zik, tawacult n Polo teznuzay akked Asamar alemmas, terna ccan ed tabaɣurt imeqqranen. Deg 1260, tawacult-nni ruḥen seg Istambul ɣer timenaḍin n umalu n Tamnekda n imunguliyen, anda i teznuzay ɣef isɣunen. Syin akkin, tawacult n Polo ruḥen ɣer Buxara, ssufɣen-d assaɣen n tmidwa akked amenkad Qublay Xan, ed tettuɣal-d inmahalen-is deg Turuft[1].
Asikel ɣer Asya[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Deg 1271, baba-s n Marko Nikkolò Polo ed ɛemmi-s Maffeo Polo d-uɣalen ɣer Tamnekda n imunguliyen, akked Marko Polo, yettεeddin ɣef Ɛakka, Yumurtalık, tamenaḍt n Xuṛasan (deg Iran n tura), Badaxcan (deg Afɣanistan n tura) ed timnaḍin nniḍen n Asya ِِ akken ad wwḍen ɣer Cangdu (tamanaɣt n imunguliyen) deg 1274-1275[1].
Azal n 16 neɣ 16 n iseggasen, Marko Polo ed tawacult-is ttidiren deg tzedduɣin n umenkad n imunguliyen. S lameṛ n umenkad Qublay Xan, Marko i yellan yelha-d d aṭas n tuɣdaḍin ɣer timnaḍin ibeεden n Tamnekda n imunguliyen[1].
Tuɣalin ɣer Vinisya[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Deg 1290 neɣ 1292, tawacult n Polo ruḥen ɣer tamenaḍt tafarsit akked yiwet tageldunt n imunguliyen, syin akkin, i ruḥen ɣer Turuft, yettεeddin ɣef Istambul ed tagara Vinisya deg 1295[1].
Deffir tuɣalin-is ar Vinisya, Marko Polo ad yuɣal d ameḥbus n iǧenwiyen deg Ǧenova, deg lḥebs-nni Marko ittemlili-d ameḥbus n Pisa qqaren-as Rustichello d aneggal mucaɛen, Marko yebda yettaru ɣef 25 iseggasen-is deg Asya (adlis-nni qqaren-as s taṭalyanit : Il milione). Syin akkin, Marko yeffeɣ-d seg lḥebs ed yettuɣal ɣer Vinisya, anda yemmut ɣer 70 n yiseggasen[1].
Ayen yura[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Il milione[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Il milione d isem n ullis n usikel n Marko Polo, qqaren-as adlis n leεǧubat n umaḍal[2] neɣ Weglam n umaḍal, Marko yura-t s tafranko-ṭalyanit d tutlayt tatrart i myussan deg leqrun 13 ed 14[1].
Arusfus[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Llan aṭas n teḍrisin n irusfusen ed tisuqilin n Il milione deg-s :
| Azwel / Taḍrist | Tutlayt | Aseggas |
|---|---|---|
| Livre qui est appelé le Divisiment dou monde | tafranko-ṭalyanit | 1301-1400 |
| Devisement du monde | tafrensist | 1345-1400 |
| Les voyages de Marco Polo de Venise | tafrensist | 1350 |
| Il Milione | taṭalyanit | 1370-1410 |
| Livre des merveilles | tafrensist | 1400-1420 |
| Le livre de MARCO POLO ou des merveilles du monde | 1401-1500 | |
| Le livre des voyages de Marco Polo, traduit par Robert Frescher | 1475-1525 | |
| رحلات ماركو بولو - الجزء الأول ,d رحلات ماركو بولو - الجزء الثاني | taɛrabt | 1996 |
Muqqel daɣen[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Tizmilin[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5 et 1,6 (en) Marco Polo, deg britannica.com.
- ↑
Livre des merveilles du monde, deg larousse.fr.
