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Irland (Tamurt)

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(Yettusmimeḍ seg Irland)
I usseqdec nniḍen, ẓer [[:Asebter agi yeɛna awanak n Irland. Ur ilaq ara ad yessexleḍ gar tegzirt n Irland (Tegzirt) neɣ Irland n Ugafa d awanak nniḍen n Tagelda Yedduklen.]]
Irland
Éire (ga)
Ireland (en)
Drapeau de l'Irlande (fr) Armoiries de l'Irlande (fr)
Drapeau de l'Irlande (fr) Suqel Armoiries de l'Irlande (fr) Suqel
Imseɣret Amhrán na bhFiann (fr) Suqel
Devise (fr) Suqel «Jump into Ireland»
Yettusemma ɣef Irland
Ansa
Carte
 53°N 8°W / 53°N 8°W / 53; -8
Tamanaɣt Dublin
Imezdaɣ
Teɣṛed 5 149 139 (2022)
• Tiineẓẓi n imezdaɣ 73,77 imezdaɣen/km²
Tutlayt tunṣibt Tirlandit
Taglizit
Tarakalt
Amur seg Tadukli Tuṛufit, Espace économique européen (fr) Suqel d Turuft Ugafa
Tajumma 69 797 km²
Isek yeflalen Carrauntuohill (fr) Suqel (1 038,6 m)
Point le plus bas (fr) Suqel North Slob (en) Suqel (−3 m)
Tilisa yakked
Asefk amazray
Yezwar-it État libre d'Irlande (fr) Suqel
Asnulfu 1922:  (État libre d'Irlande (fr) Suqel)
29 Duǧember 1937
Tuddsa tasertayt
Anagraw asertay Tagduda d État unitaire (fr) Suqel
Exécutif (fr) Suqel gouvernement de l'Irlande (fr) Suqel
Assemblée délibérante (fr) Suqel Oireachtas (fr) Suqel
• président d'Irlande (fr) Suqel Michael D. Higgins (fr) Suqel (11 Wamber 2011)
• Taoiseach (fr) Suqel Leo Varadkar (fr) Suqel (17 Duǧember 2022)
Corps judiciaire suprême (fr) Suqel Cour suprême d'Irlande (fr) Suqel
Tadamsa
Produit intérieur brut nominal (fr) Suqel 504 182 603 276 $ (2021)
Tadrimt Euro
Amekzay uglim
Izṭi akudan
Domaine internet (fr) Suqel .ie (fr) Suqel
Plan de numérotation (fr) Suqel +353
Numéro d'appel d'urgence (fr) Suqel 112 (fr) Suqel
Azamul n tmurt IE
Identifiant Nomenclature des unités territoriales statistiques (fr) Suqel IE
Nniḍen
Tansa n web gov.ie

Irland (s tirlandit : Éire (asusru Asusru n tsiwelt tadra), s taglizit : Ireland (asusru Asusru n tsiwelt tadra)), d awanak deg ugafa n Turuft, tezga-d deg tegzirt n Irland ger ugaraw anaṭlas deg umalu n Briṭanya Tameqqrant. Tamanaɣt-is d Dublin i d tamdint meqqren akk deg tamurt.

Irland tekcem ɣer Tadukli Tuṛufit deg 1973[1], ed ɣer Asqamu n Turuft deg 1949[2].

Isem

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Awal n Eire yekka-d seg awal Eiru s Tagalyit [en], d isem n tillut deg tesnmita taseltit (Celtic mythology)[3].

Amezruy

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Igaliyen [en] zedɣen tegzirt n Irland seg lqern wis 4 Uqbel-Ɛisa, i xeddmen aṭas n tgeldiwin imecṭuḥen. Deg lqern wis 5, Igaliyen [en] ad uɣalen imasiḥiyen s Agerram Patrik (Saint Patrick) [en][4].

Seg lqern wis 8 ar lqern wis 12, Inuṛmanen [en] ed Vikings i steɛmṛen tegzirt n Irland[4].

Seg lqern wis 12 ar lqern wis 18, igliziyen ed iskutlandiyen ḥekmen tegzirt n Irland (mseḍfaren : Henri II deg lqern wis 12, Tudors deg lqern wis 16 ed Cromwell deg lqern wis 17)[4].

Irland deg 1922 i tewwi timunent ɣef Tagelda Yedduklen[1], deffir 7 n tasutin n leḥkem abriṭani[5].

  • Irland deg lqern wis 8.
    Irland deg lqern wis 8.
  • Irland seg lqern wis 8 ar lqern wis 9.
    Irland seg lqern wis 8 ar lqern wis 9.
  • Irland deg 900.
    Irland deg 900.
  • Irland seg lqern wis 9 ar lqern wis 11.
    Irland seg lqern wis 9 ar lqern wis 11.
  • Tigeldiwin n Irland deg 1014.
    Tigeldiwin n Irland deg 1014.
  • Irlandiyen ed Inuṛmanen deg 1300.
    Irlandiyen ed Inuṛmanen deg 1300.
  • Irland deg 1609 : Iskutlandiyen, Irlandiyen, Iskutlandiyen ed igliziyen, Igliziyen, Tasehrest amaẓlay.
    Irland deg 1609 : Iskutlandiyen, Irlandiyen, Iskutlandiyen ed igliziyen, Igliziyen, Tasehrest amaẓlay.

Tarakalt

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Irland d win i d-yeṭṭfen 85% n tajumma n tegzirt n Irland, yezga-d deg umalu n Briṭanya Tameqqrant (iferqen s Ilel n Irland[5]), ed umalu-wenẓul n Irland n Ugafa (d tamurt i iḍefṛen Tagelda Yedduklen)[1].

Irland deg-s tiɣalltin ɛlayen, idurar ed yizaɣar ameqqran akked yigelmimen deg tlemmast n tmurt[6].

  • Topografi n Irland.
    Topografi n Irland.
  • Tiɣalltin, idurar, yizaɣar ameqqran ed yigelmimen n Irland.
    Tiɣalltin, idurar, yizaɣar ameqqran ed yigelmimen n Irland.

Inezwi

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Irland tesɛa unezwu agarwan; taẓɣelt talemmast n tagrest tettbeddil gar 4,4 d 7,2 °C, ed taẓɣelt talemmast n anebdu d ahat n 15 °C[7].

Isefka n unezwi n Irland (2020)[8]
Ayyur Yen Fur Meɣ Yebr May Yun Yul Ɣuc Cte Tub Wam Duj
Amktal ɛlayen (°C) 18.5 18.1 23.6 25.8 28.4 33.3 32.3 31.5 29.1 25.2 20.1 18.1
Amktal yudren (°C) -19.1 -17.8 -17.2 -7.7 -5.6 -3.3 -0.3 -2.7 -3.5 -8.3 -11.5 -17.5

Timnaḍin n Irland

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Irland tesɛa 4 n timnaḍin qqaren-as s tirlandit : cuige, anamek-is d (temnaḍt) wis xemsa, axaṭeṛ zik, tegzirt n Irland tebḍa d 5 timnaḍin. Temnaḍt n Meath (Tara) tekcem ɣar temnaḍt n Laighean[9].

Timnaḍin n Irland : 1-Connachta, 2-Laighean, 3-Mhumhain, 4-Ulaidh
Temnaḍt Amkan-is Annay Imezdaɣ (2016)[10] Tajumma (km²)[11]
Connachta 550,742 17 713
Laighean 2,630,720 19 774
An Mhumhain 1,280,394 24 608
Ulaidh 296,120 808

Tawennaḍt

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Imɣan

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Imɣan n Irland laṣel-is s waṭas deg Briṭanya Tameqqrant, temmug s roseau, azlaf, ifilku, sphagnum ed leṣnaf nniḍen[7].

Iɣersiwen

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Iɣersiwen n Irland ur txulef ara aṭas ɣer iɣersiwen n Briṭanya Tameqqrant neɣ n Fransa[7].

Gar iɣersiwen n Irland yella : Agtul n Irland (aɣersiw aɣelnaw n Irland), aberni, abareɣ azeggaɣ, aydi n waman, azeɣnennay, imziy, akʷrekʷdan, puffin yijider awraɣ, taninna ed leṣnaf n iɣersiwen nniḍen[12].

Isafen ed yigelmimen

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Isafen ed yigelmimen n Irland.

Irland tesɛa aṭas n isafen, d wasif meqqren deg-sen qqaren-as deg taglizit : Shannon, asif-nni yesεa ahat n 360 km deg teɣzi, yettεeddin ɣef kraḍ n yigelmimen : Lough Allen, Lough Ree, ed Lough Derg. D asif n Shannon yettawi ɣer agaraw anaṭlas, sdat n tamdint n Limerick[13]. Isafen imeqqranen nniḍenn Irland yella : Bandon, Liffey, Lee, Blackwater, Nore, Suir, Barrow, Slaney ed Boyne[14].

Isafen imeqranen n Irland[15]
# Asif Teɣzi (km)
1 Shannon 360
2 Barrow 192
3 Suir 184
4 Blackwater 168
5 Nore 140

Irland tesɛa daɣen aṭas n yigelmimen (ugar n yigelmimen n Legliz), irlandiyen qqaren igelmimen : loughs. Igelmimen igejdanen n Irland yella : Killarney, Corrib, Mask, Conn, ed Derg.[14]

Lough Corrib d agelmim ameqqran n Irland i yesɛan tajumma ahat n 176 km²[16]. Igelmimen n Killarney d kraḍ n igelmimen sdat n tamdint n Killarney : Lower Lake, Middle Lake (qqaren-as Muckross Lake) ed Upper Lake[17]. Lough Derg d agelmim d wis sin i meqqren akk deg Irland[13], yesɛan tajumma ahat n 130 km²[16].

Igelmimen imeqranen n Irland[16]
# Agelmim Tajumma (km²)
1 Corrib 176
2 Derg 130
3 Ree 105
4 Mask 83
5 Conn 50
  • Asif n Blackwater.
    Asif n Blackwater.
  • Asif n Liffey, Dublin.
    Asif n Liffey, Dublin.
  • Asif n Shannon.
    Asif n Shannon.
  • Agelmim n Corrib.
    Agelmim n Corrib.

Idles

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Tutlayin

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Irland tesɛa snat n tutlayin tamaddudtin : tirlandit am tutlayt tamaddudt tamezwarut (seg 1922), ed taglizit am tutlayt tamaddudt nniḍen[18],[19]

Deg 2016, tidersiwin deg Irland (ugar 600 000 n medden) iheddṛen tutlayin nniḍen (nnig n tirlandit ed taglizit) deg wexxam-nsen : tapulunit (135 895), tafrensist (54 948), talmant (28 331), taspenyult (32 405), Tapuṛtugit [en] (20 833), tarusit (21 707), talitwanit (35 362) Tacinwant [en] (17 584), taɛrabt (16 072), Tarumanit [en] (36 683) ed tutlayin nniḍen (212 198)[20].

  • Ugdud n Irland i d-yeqqaren ttmeslayen tirlandit deg 2011.
    Ugdud n Irland i d-yeqqaren ttmeslayen tirlandit deg 2011.

Isɣanen

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Deg 2016, 78% (ugar n 3,7 n yimelyan) seg ugdud n Irland d yimasiḥiyen (takatulikt), 10% d ulac n wesɣan, ugdud nniḍen ferqent gar yimselmen, yihendusen ed isɣanen nniḍen[20].

  • Tamasiḥit (takatulikt) deg Irland (2011).
    Tamasiḥit (takatulikt) deg Irland (2011).
  • Isɣanen nniḍen deg Irland (2011).
    Isɣanen nniḍen deg Irland (2011).
  • Ugdud akked ulac n wesɣan deg Irland (2011).
    Ugdud akked ulac n wesɣan deg Irland (2011).

Annay n Irland

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Annay aɣelnaw n Irland, deg-s kraḍ n tiɣmiwin : azegzaw, amellal ed ačini. akken ad azamul tdukli gar yegduden n Irland[21].

Tiɣmiwin-a kifkif-iten deg lqedd. Tehri n annay i d aɣezzfan s sin imuren ɣef asawn-is (teɣzi)[21].

Amellal deg tlemmast n unnay anamek-is d asirem n talwit ara idumen gar snat-nni n tiɣmiwin (azegzaw ed ačini)[21]

Azegzaw anamek-is d ugdud mmi-s ineṣliyen n Irland, ačini anamek-is d ugdud mmi-s n umhersan abriṭani seg lqern wis 17[22].

  • Annay n tselwit n Irland (Lweṛt n unnay n Irland deg lqern wis 16)[23].
    Annay n tselwit n Irland (Lweṛt n unnay n Irland deg lqern wis 16)[23].
  • Annay aɣelnaw n Irnald (maci d unṣib), seg 1798 ar lqern wis 20.
    Annay aɣelnaw n Irland (maci d unṣib), seg 1798 ar lqern wis 20[24].
  • Annay n Irland.
    Annay n Irland.

Tadamsa, tnezzut ed isawaḍen

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Iwunak Yeddukklen n Temrikt ed Tagelda Yedduklen d icriken n tnezzut igejdanen n Irland, deg-s icriken igejdanen nniḍen yella timura n Tadukli Tuṛufit (Lalman, Fransa ed Biljik), Ccinwa ed Taswist[25].

Irland tessaǧǧaw tinaεurin d timacinin iliktrikan, tigamanin ikruranen, iselsa, tissit ed iseɣẓanen n tsenselkimt. D tettaǧǧew lpiṭrul, tigamanin n lpiṭrul, timacinin n isawaḍen[25].

Iberdan, inafagen ed isugan

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Irland tesɛa azeṭṭa n iberdan ameqqren. Inafagen igraɣlanen n Irland usan-d deg Dublin, Shannon ed Cork, daɣen yella aṭas n inafagen imenḍanen nniḍen. Tuget n tnezzut tawlalt n Irland i iɛeddan ɣer isugan igejdanen n ugemmaḍ usammar ed wenẓul n tamurt (deg Dublin, Waterford ed Cork), isugan n Limerick d Galway xedmen ugemmaḍ umalu n Irland[25].

Deg Irland tella aṭas n tmacinin gar timdinin ed tudrin tigejdanin n tamurt, ɣer tama n tuqqna akked uzeṭṭa n tmacinin n Irland n Ugafa[25].

  • Azeṭṭa n rrayat n tmacint, inafagen ed isugan n Irland.
    Azeṭṭa n rrayat n tmacint, inafagen ed isugan n Irland.
  •   Azeṭṭa n iberdan imeqqranen n Irland.
      Azeṭṭa n iberdan imeqqranen n Irland.

Tizmilin

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  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 et 1,2 azday s tafransist Fiche pays: Irlande, deg ouest-france.fr.
  2. ↑ azday s tafransist Irlande // 46 Etats, une Europe, deg coe.int.
  3. ↑ azday s tafransist 16 mots qui reflètent l’histoire de l’Irlande, deg geo.fr.
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 et 4,2 azday s tafransist Irlande : histoire, deg larousse.fr.
  5. ↑ 5,0 et 5,1 azday s tafransist Irlande, deg atlas-monde.net.
  6. ↑ azday s tafransist Irlande : géographie physique, deg larousse.fr.
  7. ↑ 7,0 7,1 et 7,2 azday s tafransist Géographie, deg asty-moulin.be.
  8. ↑ (en) Weather Extreme Records for Ireland, deg met.ie.
  9. ↑ azday s tafransist Liste des drapeaux des provinces irlandaises., deg svowebmaster.free.fr.
  10. ↑ (en) Statistical Yearbook of Ireland 2016, deg cso.ie.
  11. ↑ azday s tafransist Irlande - LISTE DES DIVISIONS ADMINISTRATIVES , deg populationdata.net.
  12. ↑ (en) Ireland, deg a-z-animals.com.
  13. ↑ 13,0 et 13,1 (en) Joanne Mattern, Ireland, Capstone, 2003, (ISBN 9780736815499) (taɣuṛi), tawṛiqt wis 10.
  14. ↑ 14,0 et 14,1 (en) William Lawson, Geography of the British Empire: Part I - III, BoD, 2022, (ISBN 9783752561098) (taɣuṛi), tawṛiqt 150-153.
  15. ↑ (en) The Longest Rivers In Ireland, deg worldatlas.com.
  16. ↑ 16,0 16,1 et 16,2 (en) The Largest Lakes In Ireland, deg worldatlas.com.
  17. ↑ (en) The Lakes Of Killarney, deg killarneyonline.ie.
  18. ↑ (en) European languages - Ireland, deg bbc.co.uk.
  19. ↑ (en) Official status of Irish, deg uni-due.de.
  20. ↑ 20,0 et 20,1 (en) CSO, Census 2016 Summary Results - Part 1, (taɣuṛi [pdf]), tawṛiqt 25 ed 30.
  21. ↑ 21,0 21,1 et 21,2 (en) The National Flag, deg gov.ie.
  22. ↑ (en) National Flag Archived 2022-11-21 at the Wayback Machine, deg home.connect.ie Archived 2022-11-21 at the Wayback Machine.
  23. ↑ (en) Presidential Standard Archived 2022-11-21 at the Wayback Machine, deg home.connect.ie.
  24. ↑ (en) The Green Flag Archived 2022-11-21 at the Wayback Machine, deg home.connect.ie.
  25. ↑ 25,0 25,1 25,2 et 25,3 (en)Trade of Ireland, deg britannica.com.
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