Ẓeṛ aɣbalu n Iqbayliyen


{{Infobox ethnic group| group = Iqbayliyen <br /> Imaziɣen
| image =Village in Kabylie Algeria.jpg 
| regions = [[Leqbayel]]
| region1 = {{flagcountry|Algeria}}
| pop1 = 9 ɣer 14 imelyunen
| region2 = {{flagcountry|France}}
| pop2 = 1 imelyunen
| langs = [[Taqbaylit]], Timslayin wis sin: [[Ddarja n Tefriqt Ugafa|Ddarja n Tafriqt Ugafa]], [[Tafransist]]<ref>{{cite book|last1=Frawley|first1=William J.|title=International Encyclopedia of Linguistics: AAVE - Esperanto, Volume 1|date=2003|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0195139778|page=221|url=https://www.google.com/books?id=sl_dDVctycgC&pg=PA221|accessdate=21 December 2017}}</ref>.
| native_name =Imaziɣen, Igawawen, Izwawen, Igelsisen 
| native_name_lang =ⵎⵣⵗⵏ, ⵣⵓⵓⵏ, ⵎⵓⵜⵢⵏ, ⴳⵍⵙⵙⵏ 
|image_caption=Taddart deg tamurt n izwawen}}
'''Iqbayliyen'''<ref>[http://menadoc.bibliothek.uni-halle.de/download/pdf/994288?name=Weisheit]</ref> neɣ '''Igawawen''', '''Izwawen''' (llan daɣen '''leqbayel''' aked '''Igelsisen'''<ref>[https://www.editions-harmattan.fr/index.asp?navig=catalogue&obj=livre&no=62705]</ref>) d agdud [[imaziɣen|amaziɣ]] yettidir deg [[Tamurt n Leqbayel|Tmawya]] i d-yezgan degʷugafa-asammer n [[Lezzayer (tamanaɣt)|Lezzayer]].

==Ansa i d yekka wawal n "''Leqbayel''"== 
Isem amziki n izwawen d "Amaziɣ", awal-agi yekka-d seg uẓar MZƔ azaraw-is (lmaɛna-s) d iseɣ, d inzer, illi-d argaz n tidett ur yekna ara, illi-d tameṭṭut n tidett ur tettkerkis ara. Amaziɣ ur-id akli. 

Qqaren-asen daɣen i leqbayel "izwawen", ɣer Ibn Xeldun, azaraw-is d aneflas (laɛskar), ɣur-nnaɣ Azwaw d aneflas yeḍfer tasuli (laɛda) n zik, ila (isɛa) azal n imezwura, yekkat wuzzal war kukru, yezmer i wiyyaḍ. Yella aẓar ZW, azaraw-is d win yetsuɣu g umennuɣ. 

Aẓar n wawal "Amawti/Imawtiyen" yekka-d seg tangaṭ (tamaziɣt taqurant n leqbayel), yera (yebɣa) ad-yini "win n tawsit", acku zik isem n tmurt leqbayel d "Tamawya", yera ad-yini s tarumit "les familles, les tribus" g tangaṭ qqaren ayt zik i "la famille" : Tawya. 

Aẓaṛ n wawal "aqbayli" yekka-d seg [[taɛrabt|teɛṛabt]] ''قبائل'' anamek-is s [[Taqbaylit|Teqbaylit]] «tiwsitin». Iṛumanen ssawalen-asen d ''Quinquegentanei'' (semmus [5] n Iderman), (wid izedɣen neɣ yettidiren ''Mons Ferratus'', "[[Ǧerǧer|Adrar n ğerğer]]"), wissen isem n tura ma yekka-d seg win n zik neɣ ala. 

S umata ur llin ara aɣbalu ameqqʷran ɣef umezruy n yisem-agi, maca nezmer a nefk yiwet n turda yelan assaɣ s tawtilt n Tamurt n Iqbayliyen deg ukud-nni (tallit-nni) imi medden ddren seddaw n tezmert n tiddukla n iderman.

== Aẓaṛ n wawal ''izdayen'' ==

==Agdud Aqbayli==

'''Amezruy n wegdud aqbayli''', d amezruy ameqqʷran akk-d yewwin i g issewhamen, zran igiman n iseggasen, azal 10 000 iseggasen send talalit n [[Ɛisa]] ; d imezdaɣ imezwura n [[Tafriqt n Ugafa|Tefriqt ugafa]] send n tlalit n umezruy amaynut, agdud aqbayli d yiwen wegdud gar yegduden imzikiyen i yeğğan later deg umezruy n yemdanen.  

Agdud aqbayli yedder, yerna yexlef [[Irrumanen]], yiwen amenkud i yestaɛmren ddunit irkul, yexlef [[Ifniqen]], ladɣa [[Yugurten]] yemmut s tidet agdud-is yedder, yexlaf [[Maryus]]; tura arraw-is kren ţlaɛin i wid ur numin ara; adgud aqbayli atan dagi andaţ [[Rum]] ? [[Dihya]] temmut, s tidet, yessi-is krent tura ttnadin; anda-t [[Ɛuqba Ibn Nafiɛ]]?  I wid mazal ur numin ara agdud aqbayli atan mazal dagi! Tidet amezruy n wegdud aqbayli yessewham acku d yiwen n umezruy yeţwebnan ɣef  taɣert, tuccda,  akk-d iseflan n imawlan-is.  

Ussan agi Iqbayliyen ttidiren g wakud (lweqt) n [[Taleslalit|la renaissance]] n-sen, sennig aɣebbar n wakud akk-d d leqhar n iɛdawen, tteddun ɣer zdat, aqlaɣ nettwali tallit n aɣlan (ljens), Aɣlan aqbayli. 

Iqbayliyen g zik semman iman-sen [[Help:Imaziɣen|Imaziɣen]] , [[Help:Agdud Amaziɣ|Agdud Amaziɣ]], win ur neqbil ara lbatel neɣ akerwa.

===Amezruy Atrar===
Deg Amezruy Atrar, Iqbayliyen mači d inumidyen inumdiyen d icawiyen d icenwiyen lqbayel nutni des maures pas numides]], llan iɣerfan n yewen uwanek, yeddren azal n 100 n iseggasen (seg azal 206 UL* di lweqt n tageldit n [[Masnsen]], ''agellid di facto'' n [[Numidya]], armi lexsara n [[Yugurten]] g 104 UL) awanek agi yettusema Numidya.

Numidya tella azal n '''Dzayer''' akk-d '''Tamurt n Yiqbayliyen''' lwahid.

Numidya tbedd meyya iseggasen, llan wid qqaren dakken meyya n isegwassen d wacemma, maɛna timura n ddunit merra ur sɛant ara akter n 30 iseggassen di laɛmer-nsent, amek yezmer yewin ad inni belli Numidya d ulac i tella? Numidya i gɛacen akter n meyya n iseggasen, ugar n Dzayer akk-d timura n Tefriqt merra, akter n uhric ameqran n timura n [[Turuft Tagmuḍant]],  mi teɣli Numidya tsɛa azal n laɛmer n [[Kanada]].

===Amnekcam arumani===
Lestaɛmar arumani yenzeg akter n 525 isegassen, seg lexsara n Yugurtan zdat irumaniyen g 104 UL armi uɣelluy n inugura agi s iffassen n [[Help:Geiseric Aɛiban|Geiseric Aɛiban]] (agellid n [[Help:Ivandaliyen|Ivandaliyen]]) akk-d inelmaden-is mi g kecmen ɣer Tafriqt ugafa g 429.

===Imnekcamen Ivandalen===
Geiseric yebnad tageldit tamezwarut n Ivandaliyen g Tafriqt ugafa s Saldae ('''Bgayet''') am tamaneɣt-is; yestaɛmered [[Sičilya|Sicillia]], [[Sardinya|Sardenya]], [[Kursika]], akk-ed tegzirin n [[Baleares]], yernad yekcem ɣef [[Rum]] yewid yides mi i gefeɣ, azal n yewen n ddurt g 455, atas n igerrujen akk-ed iseflawen  n [[Tamesgida n el-Aqṣa|lğameɛ n Lquds]] (iseflawen i yefkan [[Udayen]] i lğameɛ-nsen) i d yewi [[Titus]] ɣef Roma melmi igstaɛmered [[Lquds]].

===Amnekcam Abyzanti===
Ivandaliyen ţwakssent di Tafriqt ugafa s iɛsekriyen n [[Help:Justinianus I|Justinianus I]], agellid n umekad Abyzanti; amenkad n ivandaliyen ydum-d 105 isegassen (429-534).

Yiwen lamer yesɛan atas n wazal di lwegt-nni; ahric ameqran n imaziɣen rebhen telelli-nsen, mi yal aggay yetsnaɣ mgal wayid.

[[Help:Amenkad Abyzanti|Amenkad Abyzanti]] ydumed g Tafriqt ugafa s 534 armi i gxser amgaru mgal [[Aɛraben|Iɛraben]] wid bdan [[Help:Ttrad n Lesteɛmar n Tefriqt|Ttrad n Lesteɛmar n Tefriqt]] g lqern wis tmanya (azal n 642 -705).

===Amnekcam Aɛrab===
Iɛraben qetɛen lebher, staɛmren [[Help:Maser|Maser]] g 642, kemlen alhu-nsen, zedmen ɣef tamurt n yimaziɣen, tamurt n leqbayel. 

Listiɛmar Aɛrab, am lbers, di tamuggit ɣef Iqbayliyen i yella; imi Imaziɣen rebhen kkra n lehna, akk-d tallalit, seqsefen azaglu akk-d alehu n amenkud abyzanti ɣer usamer n tilisa-nsen. 

Iqbayliyen nnuɣen-d mgal Iɛraben s wayen akk yellan, s tezmart, s tdusi (lğehd), s tudert-nsen, imi ţwallan simmal iţeddu aɛdaw simmal yexreb, yenɣa, yehreq, yeqher ayen yellan d amaziɣ, ayen yesɛan rruh n umaziɣ. Mbeɛd akter n sebɛa meyya n isegassen n tagrawla, Imaziɣen ɛyan, cban izem nni ur sɛin ara azuren merra imi tazzla n idammen-is texla ayen yeqimen di lğehd-is, ayen yeqimmen di tmanegt-is, ur yezmir ad yeker; izem aqbayli yeɣli-d ur yekkir ara, Iɛraben hesben d lmut i g yemut. 

Mbeɛd amerni aqher; ilulufen n imaziɣen, tilawen xesrent lherma-nsent akk-d asehru-nsent, ilulufen n warrac n Iqbayliyen imelsiyen ufan lmut si ifassen n iɛsekriyen Iɛraben, ilulufen nnidden zzenzen-ten aklan g leswaq n [[Mekka]]. 

Imi tfuk Taslekt ni Iɛraben, Tafriqt ugafa tuɣaled d amɣiz ni iklan ɣef leswaq n [[Agmuḍ Alemmas|Wegmuḍ Alemmas]].

Iqbayliyen am akken ad menɛen tudert n tarwa-nesn, akk-d ayen i geqimen di lherma n tilawen-nsen qeblen, ijenwiyen g ullawen nsen, ddin amaynut n iɛraben; iɛraben wwden anda yewin n lğens ur yewwi-d, zzuɣren telelli n yimaziɣen.

Syenna d asawen, tutlayt n yimaziɣen akk-d ismawen-nsen uɣallen d lehram. 

G 705 anbaz Aɛrab i-bereh belli tamurt n yiqbayliyen d yiwet n tamnatt tamenzut n umnkad aɛrab ara tilli; Tafriqt ugafa tɛeda g yiwen n ukala ig bedlen idles-is, tamuɣli-is, akk-d imal-is. 

Amnekcam Aɛrab yeqqim armi yetwabdal s lestiɛmar n [[Iɛetmaniyen]] seddaw n timelwi n [[Xayreddin]] d ayetma-s [[Ɛeruj]], i d-xelqen atrar ussamer n '''Dzayer''', bdan asseɣwel n tama agi am asutel n iflisen n ddunit merra. Taflist-nsen ternu, temɣid ɣef lqrun 1600; taflist mgal lbaburat n [[Iwunak Yedduklen]] g [[Ilel agrakal]] sebba n [[Help:Ttrad n Taflist Tamezwarut|Ttrad n Taflist Tamezwarut]], akk-d [[Help:Ttrad n Taflist Tis Snat|Ttrad n Taflist Tis Snat]], anda mutten atas n imddanen imelsiyen.

===Amnekcam arumi (Fransa)===
Deg 1830, s sebba belli [[Lbay n Dzayer]] yewwet amalway n tamahelt-is, [[Fransa]] tenbez Dzayer; lameɛna, azbu i g qquren n Yiqbayliyen, [[Muḥend At-Meqqran|Amɣar Ameqran]] (El-Mokrani) akk-d [[Faḍma n Sumer]], stɛetlen taslekt agi almi Agud aqbayli yeţwaxdɛen s ageldun n Yiɛraben yettuseman [[Ɛebdelqader|Ɛebedlqader]] imi d-yefka takbabt-is ɣef [[Amtawa n Tafna|Wemtawa n Tefna]] wahid Fransa.


'''Amtawa n Tafna''', [[30 mayyu]] [[1837]], yeswejd abrid ɣef wanger n Tamurt n Yiqbayliyen ihi kan teqled agezdir n Fransa. [[Fransa]], isegassen kkra mbeɛd, tefka-d Aguldun Ɛebdelqader amidag n la Légion d'honneur akk-d tajɛelt n 4000 Louis (idrimen n Fransa) mkul aggur armi yemut g [[26 mayyu]] [[1883]].

Wagi d adris n Amtawa n Tafna:

Melmi amgaru mgal tamurt n Iqbayliyen ifuk, Fransa tezdem ɣef leğwahi nidden n Tafriqt ugafa terna texleq Ldzayer n tura; Tamurt n Yiqbayliyen, Timura n uguldun ɛabd Qader, akk-d d Uneẓruf Ameqran (timura n Twareg/[[Imuhaɣ]]). 


G [[1954]], [[Igen n Taslullit Taɣelnawt]] (ALN) tebda ţţrad n taslullit; mbaɛd n sebɛa isegassen n imenɣi, Fransa teğğa Dzayer g 19962.  Aḥric ameqran n 1,025,000 [[Iḍaren Iberkanen]] akk-d 91,000 iḥerkiyyen, azal n 10% n imezdaɣ n Ledzayer g 1962, rewlen ɣef [[Fransa]] g useggwas-nni.

== Ẓeṛ daɣen ==
[[Taggayt:imaziɣen|Q]]
[[Taggayt:iɣerfan]]
[[Taggayt:Iɣerfan iẓaranen n tferka n ugafa]]