Trajan
 Trajan | |||||||||||
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 Amenkad Trajan. | |||||||||||
28 Yennayer 98 - 7 Ɣuct 117 ← Nerva (fr)  - Hadriyan →
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| Tameddurt | |||||||||||
| Isem-is ummid | Marcus Ulpius Traianus | ||||||||||
| Talalit | Italica (fr) , 18 Ctember 53 | ||||||||||
| Taɣlent | Ruma n zik | ||||||||||
| Lmut | Sélinonte (fr) d Cilicie (fr) , 7 Ɣuct 117 | ||||||||||
| Ideg n uẓekka | colonne Trajane (fr) | ||||||||||
| Tamentilt n tmettant | isragen igamanen (apoplexie (fr) ) | ||||||||||
| Tawacult | |||||||||||
| Baba-s | Marcus Ulpius Trajanus, Nerva | ||||||||||
| Yemma-s | Marcia | ||||||||||
| Tissulya akked | Plotine (fr) | ||||||||||
| Arraw-is | view
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| Atmaten-is d yissetma-s | Ulpia Marciana (fr) | ||||||||||
| Tawsit | Ulpii Traiani (en) Antonins (fr) | ||||||||||
| Asegmi | |||||||||||
| Tutlayin | Talatint | ||||||||||
| Amahil | |||||||||||
| Amahil | personne d'État (fr) , asertay d officier (fr) | ||||||||||
| Taɛeggalt | Cinq bons empereurs (fr) | ||||||||||
| Taseddart | légat (fr) imperator (fr) | ||||||||||
| Taflest | |||||||||||
| Asɣan | religion de la Rome antique (fr) | ||||||||||
Marcus Ulpius Traianus, yettwassnen s yisem n Trajan, d yiwen seg yimenkaden imeqqranen n Tmnekda taṛumanit. Ilul deg useggas n 53 S.Ɛ, yemmut deg useggas n 117. Yella d amenkad wis sin n twacult n yimenkaden yettwassnen s «Semmus n Yimenkaden Iggarzen», yerna yettwaḥseb d yiwen seg yimenkaden i yefkan azal ameqqran i Tmurt n Ṛuma deg umezruy-is akk. Deg tallit n udabu-is, seg 98 armi d 117, Tmurt neɣ tamnekda n Ṛuma tewweḍ ɣer teɣzi-ines tameqqrant akk deg umezruy, seg ugaraw n Atlantik armi d asif n Tigris deg lɛiraq n wass-a.
Tameddurt-is Tamezwarut d Waẓar-is
[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]Trajan ilul-d deg temdint n Italica, yellan di tmurt n Hispania Baetica, ass-a yettwassnen s yisem n Sevilla deg tmurt n Spanya. Bab-as, Marcus Ulpius Traianus, yella d amaslaḍ n usqamu n Ṛuma, yerna yella d amenzu n yiserdasen i yxedmen deg yimenɣiyen n usamar. Yemma-s tettwassen s yisem n Marcia, yerna tella seg twacult tameqqrant n Ṛuma.
Ɣas akken Trajan ilul-d berra n Ṭelyan, twacult-is tella d tarumant s tidet, seg tewsit n Ulpii. Bab-as yella d amdan yettwassnen deg tsertit d yimenɣiyen, yerna yewwi-d azal ameqqran deg umennuɣ mgal Iyahudiyen deg useggas n 70. Ayagi yefka i Trajan asileɣ ameqqran deg tsertit d yimenɣiyen seg temẓi-ines.
Deg temẓi-ines, Trajan yelmed taserdasit d tsertit. Yekcem ɣer yiserdasen n Ṛuma, yerna yexdem deg waṭas n yimukan. Yella d aqerru n tredsa tis Sa, yerna yexdem deg tmurt n Germania d tmurt n Pannonia. Deg useggas n 91, yettwafernen d aqunṣul, d ayen i d-yeskanen belli yella d amdan yettwassnen deg usqamu n Ṛuma.
Alluy-is ɣer Udabu
[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]
Deg useggas n 96, amenkad Dumisyan yettwanɣa, yerna Nerva yuɣal d amenkad. Nerva yella d amɣar, ur yesɛi ara arraw, yerna yella deg wugur ameqqran acku yiserdasen ur t-ḥemmlen ara. Deg useggas n 97, Nerva yefren Trajan d mmi-s n usmemmi, yerna yerra-t d amenkad ara d-yasen deffir-s. Aya yella d tadyant tameqqrant deg umezruy n Ṛuma, acku d tikelt tamezwarut i deg amenkad yefren yiwen ur nelli seg twacult-is akken ad yuɣal d amenkad.
Mi yemmut Nerva deg useggas n 98, Trajan yuɣal d amenkad n Tmnekda taṛumanit. Yella deg tmurt n Germania mi i s-d-wwin isalli n tmettant n Nerva. Ur yuɣal ara s zzerb ɣer Ṛuma; yeqqim kra n wakud deg yiri n Danub akken ad yesseḥbes tilisa. Mi yuɣal ɣer Ṛuma, yemmagar-it ugdud s tumert tameqqrant.
Imenɣiyen-is: Asseɣzef n Tmurt n Ṛuma
[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]Amennuɣ Amenzu mgal n Dacia
[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]Deg useggas n 101, Trajan yebda amennuɣ-is amezwaru mgal n tmurt n Dacia, yellan ass-a di tmurt n Ṛumanya. Agellid n Dacia, Decebalus, yella d amdan iɣudan, yerna yella yettḥuddu tilisa n Ṛuma. Trajan yewwi asif n Danub s tleggit(tiqenṭert) tameqqrant i d-yebna ajenyuṛ Apollodorus n Damas, yerna yekcem ɣer tmurt n Dacia.
Amennuɣ-a yewwi-d sin n yiseggasen, seg 101 armi d 102. Deg taggara, Decebalus yeqbel talwit, yerna yuɣal d ameddakel n Ṛuma. Maca talwit-agi ur teqɛid ara aṭas.
Amennuɣ Wis Sin mgal n Dacia
[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]Deg useggas n 105, Trajan yuɣal ɣer Dacia acku Decebalus yerẓa agatu n talwit. Amennuɣ-a wis sin yella meqqer ugar n win amezwaru. Trajan yessekcem aṭas n yiserdasen, yerna yewwi-d tamurt n Dacia s timmad-is. Deg useggas n 106, Decebalus yenɣa iman-is akken ur yettwaṭṭef ara.
Tamurt n Dacia tuɣal d tamnaḍt tarumanit, yerna Trajan yewwi-d aṭas n wureɣ d wuẓref seg tmurt-nni. Ayagi yefka-as tazmert akken ad yebnu aṭas n tidumṣukin deg Ṛuma.
Amennuɣ mgal n Parthia
[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]Deg useggas n 113, Trajan yebda amennuɣ-is aneggaru mgal n tmurt n Parthia, yellan deg usamar. Amennuɣ-a yebda s sebba n tmurt n Armenia, ideg Parthia tebɣa ad tessekcem agellid ur nebɣi ara Ṛuma.
Trajan yekcem ɣer Armenia, yerna yerra-tt d tamnaḍt tarumanit. Syin, yedda ɣer tmurt n Mesopotamia, yekcem ɣer temdint n Ctesiphon, tamaneɣt n Parthia. Yewweḍ armi d asif n Tigris, yerna yella d amenkad amezwaru n Ṛuma i yewwḍen ɣer yiri n Persia.
Maca amennuɣ-a ur yefuk ara akken yebɣa Trajan. Deg useggas n 117, llan aṭas n yimenɣiyen deg yimukan niḍen, yerna Trajan yuḍen. Yemmut deg temdint n Selinus, deg tmurt n Cilicia, ass-a deg tmurt n Ṭurk.
Timṣukin-is(Ibennayen-is) d Yisenfaren-is
[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]Trajan yettwassen s waṭas n yibennayen i d-yebna. Gar-asen:
Tigejdit n Trajan: D tigejdit tameqqrant i d-yebna deg useggas n 113, tella deg wemkan n Trajan deg Ṛuma. Tezga ɣef 30 n yimitren n teɣzi, yerna deg-s llan aṭas n wunuɣen i d-yeskanen imenɣiyen n Dacia. Tigejdit-agi mazal-itt ar ass-a, yerna d yiwen seg yibennayen i yeqqimen seg tallit n Ṛuma.
Anmager n Trajan: D amkan ameqqran i d-yebna deg wul n Ṛuma. Deg-s yella usqamu, tamkarḍit, tizeɣwa, d waṭas n yibennayen niḍen. Amkan-agi yella d amezwaru seg yimukan n yimenkaden n Ṛuma.
Tileggit n Trajan: D tleggit tameqqrant i d-yebna ɣef wasif n Danub, teqqen gar snat n yidis n wasif. Tezga ɣef ugar n 1000 n yimitren n teɣzi, yerna tella d tleggit tameqqrant akk deg umaḍal deg tallit-nni.
Abrid n Trajan: D abrid i d-yebna deg yiri n Danub, yettawi seg Ṛuma armi d yiri n yilel n Aswad. Abrid-agi yella d axatar i yiserdasen d yimsiklen.
Aman n Trajan: D yiwen seg yiberdan n waman i d-yebna akken ad d-yawi aman ɣer Ṛuma. Abrid-agi n waman yezga ɣef ugar n 60 n yikilumitren.
Tasertit-is
[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]Trajan yella d amenkad i yefkan azal ameqqran i ugdud. Yesseɣzef asuddes n wučči baṭel i yigellilen n Ṛuma, yerna yesnerni asuddes n «alimenta», i d-yettaken idrimen i yigerdan igellilen deg tmura n Ṭelyan.
Yefka azal ameqqran i tsertit n yimukan. Yura aṭas n tebratin i yinemhalen n tmnaḍin, am Pliny Ameẓyan, i yellan d anemhal n tmurt n Bithynia. Tibratin-agi, yettwassnen s yisem n «Epistulae», d tiɣbula timeqqranin i uselmed n tsertit tarumanit.
Trajan yella daɣen d amenkad i yefkan azal i tlelli n usqamu n Sina. Ur yella ara d amenkad aɣrudan am Dumisyan; yella yettqadar isqamuyen, yerna yefka-asen tazmert akken ad xedmen axeddim-nsen.
Deg wayen yeɛnan imasiḥiyen, Trajan yura tabrat i Pliny Ameẓyan ideg as-d-yenna belli ur ilaq ara ad yettnadi ɣef yimasiḥiyen s timmad-is, maca ma yella yiwen yettwaḥkem fell-as, ilaq ad yettwaɛaqeb. Tabrat-agi tella d tazwart i tsertit n Ṛuma mgal n yimasiḥiyen.
Tameddurt-is Tusligt
[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]Trajan yezweǧ d Pompeia Plotina, tameṭṭut yettwassnen s tegzi-s d tmusni-s. Ur sɛin ara arraw, d ayen i d-yerran Trajan ad yefren Hadriyan d mmi-s usmemmi.
Trajan yettwassen daɣen s leḥmala-ines i waddal d yimenɣiyen. Yella iḥemmel ad yegmer, yerna yella iḥemmel ad yeddu d yiserdasen-is deg yimenɣiyen. Ur yelli ara d amenkad i yeqqimen deg usalay-is; yella yetteddu d yiserdasen, yettečč yid-sen, yettidir tudert-nsen.
Tamettant-is d Wayen i d-Yeǧǧa
[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]Trajan yemmut deg useggas n 117 deg temdint n Selinus, deg tmurt n Cilicia. Yella yuḍen, yerna yemmut mi yella yettuɣal seg umennuɣ n Parthia. Deffir-s, Hadriyan yuɣal d amenkad.
Hadriyan yerra-as tajmilt tameqqrant i Trajan. Yerra-t d «Optimus Princeps», lmeɛna-s «Amenkad Amellay Akk». Asqamu n Ṛuma yerra-t d ayuc(illu), yerna yuɣal d yiwen seg yimenkaden yettwaɛebden deffir tmettant-nsen.
Ayen i d-yeǧǧa Trajan deg umezruy d ameqqran:
[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]Yesseɣzef Tmurt n Ṛuma ɣer teɣzi-ines tameqqrant akk.
Yebna aṭas n yibennayen i mazal-iten ar ass-a.
Yefka amedya n umenkad amellay, i yeqqaren s leḥmala d teɣdemt.
Yesnerni tadamsa n Tmurt n Ṛuma s wayen i d-yewwi seg yimenɣiyen.
Yefka azal i tsertit n yimukan(timnaḍin) d tlelli n ugdud.
Tagrayt
[ẓreg | ẓreg aɣbalu]Trajan yettwaḥseb d yiwen seg yimenkaden imeqqranen akk deg umezruy n Ṛuma. Tameddurt-is d amedya n umenkad i yexedmen i ugdud-is, i yebnan, i yemnuɣen, yerna i yefkan azal i teɣdemt d tlelli. Deg tallit-is, Tamnekda n Ṛuma tewweḍ ɣer teɣzi-ines tameqqrant, yerna ibennayen-is mazal-iten d inagan n tmeqqranit n tallit-nni. Isem-is yeqqim deg umezruy d azamul n udabu amellay d yimenɣiyen imeqqranen.