Solana (tiɣeṛɣeṛt tasenselkamt)

Solana d yiwet n tɣeṛɣeṛt tasenselkamt n uzrar n yiḥedran (blockchain) yeldin, i d-yettwasbedden iwakken ad tesrewwes isnasen irlemmasen (dApps) d yiguta uḥricen. Asuṛdi-is umḍin aṣaduran yettwassnen s yisem n SOL.

Tettwassen Solana ladɣa s wurured-is afellay d waktum ameqran n tnigawin i tasint (TPS), akk d watig adday n usefser n yisefka, s useqdec n uneggaf amaynut i wumi qqaren Anza n Umezruy (Proof of History - PoH).

Amezruy d Tlalit

Yebda-d usenfar n Solana deg useggas n 2017 sɣur ujenyuṛ Anatoly Yakovenko, i yellan yakan yeqdec deg teṛmist n Qualcomm. Yakovenko yura-d aḍris atikni (whitepaper) ideg i d-yessefhem amek ara yegzu unagraw n uzemzakud awgelhan (cryptographic timestamping) tignatin n useḍru n tnigawin mbla ma yettraǧu uzeṭṭa amtawi amagnu ger wakk tikerwas.

Deg useggas n 2018, yerna-d ɣur-s ujenyuṛ Greg Fitzgerald akked Stephen Akridge iwakken ad sbedden tasbeddit n Solana Labs. Tuddsa tagraɣlant n Solana tella tura deg temdint n Genève (di tmurt n Taswisrit), d nettat i d-yelhan s usnerni d usedger n usenfar-a.

Lqem amezwaru n uzeṭṭa agejday yeffeɣ-d deg meɣres 2020.

Tasegda Tatiknulujit

Tettwafeṣṣel tsegda n Solana iwakken ad tefk aktum afellay n usefser s warrumen imaynuten n tsenselkimt:

1. Anza n Umezruy (Proof of History - PoH)

Mačči d anagraw n umtawa weḥd-s, wanag d tamrilt tawgelhant. S usedger n tseddarin n usenqed SHA-256 (hashing sequencé SHA-256), yal tanigawt tettawi azemzakud (timestamp) i d-yesskanayen melmi s swa-swa i d-tella deg wakud. D aya i yeǧǧan tikerwas ur ttḥajjant ara ad mmeslayent gar-asent iwakken ad mtawint ɣef wakud n tedyant.

3. Anza n Tmerniwt neɣ n usersi (Proof of Stake - PoS)

S yidis n PoH, azeṭṭa yeṭṭef deg unagraw n Unza n Tmerniwt (PoS - Tower BFT). Imseɣbalen ttseddayen tiddas-nsen SOL iwakken ad sseɣblen iḥedran n yisefka yerna ad ḥerzen taɣellist n uzeṭṭa.

3. Asefser amsadaɣ (Amsadday Sealevel)

Mgal inagrawen iqdimen i ixeddmen asefser ulkim (sequential processing), anagraw n Solana izmer ad yesselkem aṭas n yiguta uḥricen s wusefser amsadaɣ, acku asekkar-is yessexdam imikṛusekkaren yesɛan aṭas n yikalan ifessasen n uẓeṭṭa .

3. Aktum d Wurured

Aktum n tnigawin: Yezmer ad yaweḍ seg 50,000 ar 65,000 n tnigawin i tasint (TPS) deg tegnatin iwulman.

Akud n yiḥder: Akud n usnulfu n yiḥder yewweḍ ar azal n 400 n mili-tasint.

Asuṛdi Umḍin SOL

SOL d tiddest tanaṣlit n uzeṭṭa n Solana:

Atig n usefser: Asuṛdi SOL yettwaseqdec i uxelleṣ n watig n tnigawin d usekcem n yisnasen deg uzrar n yiḥedran.

Aseɣbel d Usersi (Staking): Iseqdacen zemren ad rren SOL d asersi ɣer yimseɣbalen iwakken ad ttekkin deg tɣellist n uzeṭṭa yerna ad d-awwin ibaɣuren (rewards).

Anbaḍ: Tiddest SOL tettak azref i yimeltaɣen ad fken tixtiṛiyin ɣef yisental n usnefli n uzeṭṭa.

Aferdis amectuḥ maḍi n SOL qqaren-as Lamport (1 SOL = 10^9109 Lamports), i lmend n umusnaw n tsenselkimt Leslie Lamport.

Inagrawen d Yisnasen (Ecosystem)

Azeṭṭa n Solana yesɛa anagraw yennekmalen n yisnasen irlemmasen:

Tadamsa Tarlemmast (DeFi): Isnasen n ubeddel n yisurda umḍinen am Raydium, Orca, d Jupiter.

Tiddas tusligin ur nbeddel (NFTs): Tiɣeṛɣaṛ n uznuzu d usekles n tugniwin d tẓuṛi tumḍint (am Magic Eden d Tensor).

Allalen n tiliɣri tatrart: Asnulfu n tilifunat umḍinen yebnan ɣef Web3 (am Solana Saga d Seeker).

Uguren d Tuzzma

Ɣas akken Solana tewwi-d arrumen d imaynuten, tettqabel kra n wuguren:

Aɣelluy n uzeṭṭa: Deg yiseggassen n 2021 d 2022, azeṭṭa yeḥbes kra n tikkal ɣef ljal n waṭas n tnigawin i d-ikecmen ɣef tikkelt (Spam attacks / overloading).

Asteqsi ɣef uslemmes: Iwakken ad yexdem umseɣbal, yessefk ad yesɛu arrumen n uselkim iǧehden yerna ɣlayen maḍi, d ayen yettsenqasen amḍan n yimdanen izemren ad sbedden tikerrist.